Ngokwemigangatho yolwahlulo eyahlukeneyo, ulungiselelo lwekhonkco olubandayo lunokwahlulwa lube ziindidi ezahlukeneyo.Umzekelo, kuphela kwimo yokusebenza, ikakhulu ibandakanya iindlela ezimbini:
Eyokuqala kukusebenzisa indlela "yebhokisi ye-foam + isikhwama esibandayo", ngokuqhelekileyo ibizwa ngokuba "i-package chain chain", ebonakaliswa ngokusebenzisa ipakethe ngokwayo ukudala indawo encinci efanelekileyo yokugcina ixesha elifutshane lemveliso entsha.Inzuzo yale ndlela kukuba iimveliso ezipakishweyo zingasasazwa kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokulungelelanisa ubushushu obuqhelekileyo, kwaye ixabiso elipheleleyo lolungiselelo liphantsi.
Imodi yesibini kukusebenzisa inkqubo yoyilo lwekhonkco olubandayo, oko kukuthi, ukusuka kwindawo yokugcina ebandayo kwimvelaphi ukuya ekunikezelweni komthengi wokugqibela, onke amakhonkco othungelwano akwindawo yobushushu obuphantsi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhonkco eliqhubekayo lekhonkco elibandayo.Kule modi, ubushushu betsheyini elibandayo elipheleleyo kufuneka lilawulwe, elibizwa ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuthi "ikhonkco elibandayo lendalo".Nangona kunjalo, iimfuno zenkqubo ye-cold chain logistics system ziphezulu kakhulu, kunzima ukusebenzisa inkqubo ye-logistics yesiqhelo ukuze isebenze, kwaye iindleko zokusebenza ziphezulu kakhulu.
Kodwa nokuba yeyiphi kwezi modeli zingentla zibandayo zisetyenzisiweyo, izixhobo zogwebu ezinokugcina ubushushu, ukugquma ubushushu, ukufunxa ukothuka kunye ne-buffering kunokubonwa njengezinto ezifanelekileyo.
Okwangoku, eyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-cold chain logistics kunye nothutho yi-polyurethane foam, i-polypropylene foam kunye ne-polystyrene foam.Iinqwelwana, izitya ezifakwe efrijini kunye nokugcinwa okubandayo nazo zifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo.
Ugwebu lwePolystyrene (EPS)
I-EPS yipolima ekhaphukhaphu.Ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphantsi, ikwayeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu ugwebu kuyo yonke intsimi yokupakisha, ibalelwa phantse kuma-60%.I-resin ye-polystyrene yenziwe ngokongeza i-agent e-foam ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokwandiswa kwangaphambili, ukunyanga, ukubumba, ukomisa kunye nokusika.Isakhiwo esivaliweyo se-EPS sinquma ukuba sine-insulation efanelekileyo ye-thermal, kwaye i-thermal conductivity iphantsi kakhulu.I-thermal conductivity yeebhodi ze-EPS zeenkcazo ezahlukeneyo ziphakathi kwe-0.024W / mK ~ 0.041W / mK Inokugcinwa kakuhle kobushushu kunye nefuthe lokugcinwa kwengqele kwi-logistics.
Nangona kunjalo, njengemathiriyeli ye-thermoplastic, i-EPS iya kunyibilika xa ishushu kwaye ibe lukhuni xa ipholile, kwaye ubushushu bayo be-thermal deformation bujikeleze i-70 ° C, oku kuthetha ukuba ii-incubators ze-EPS eziqhutyelwa kwi-packaging yogwebu kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngaphantsi kwe-70 ° C.Ukuba iqondo lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu Kwi-70 ° C, amandla ebhokisi aya kuncitshiswa, kwaye izinto ezinobuthi ziya kuveliswa ngenxa ye-volatilization ye-styrene.Ke ngoko, inkunkuma ye-EPS ayinakunyanzelwa ngokwemvelo kwaye ayinakutshiswa.
Ukongeza, ukuqina kwee-incubators ze-EPS akulunganga kakhulu, ukusebenza kwe-buffering kukwaphakathi, kwaye kulula ukonakala ngexesha lothutho, ngoko ubukhulu becala kusetyenziswa ixesha elinye, isetyenziselwa ixesha elifutshane, ikhonkco elibandayo elimgama elifutshane. uthutho, kunye neshishini lokutya elifana nenyama kunye neenkukhu.Iitreyi kunye nezinto zokupakisha zokutya okukhawulezayo.Ubomi benkonzo yezi mveliso buhlala bufutshane, malunga ne-50% yeemveliso ze-polystyrene foam zinobomi benkonzo yeminyaka emi-2 kuphela, kwaye i-97% yeemveliso ze-polystyrene foam zinobomi benkonzo obungaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-10, okukhokelela ekunyuseni ubungakanani benkunkuma ye-EPS ye-foam unyaka nonyaka, kodwa i-EPS igwebu ayilula ukubola kunye nokuphinda isetyenziswe, ngoko ke ngoku iyona nto ibangela ukungcola okumhlophe: I-EPS ibala ngaphezu kwe-60% yenkunkuma emhlophe engcolileyo elwandle!Kwaye njengento yokupakisha ye-EPS, ininzi ye-HCFC i-agent ye-foaming isetyenziselwa inkqubo yokukhupha amagwebu, kwaye ininzi yeemveliso iya kuba nevumba.Amandla okuphela kwe-ozone kwiiHCFCs ali-1,000 ngokuphindwe kali-1,000 kunecarbon dioxide.Ngoko ke, ukususela ngo-2010, iZizwe eziManyeneyo, iUnited States, i-European Union, iChina, iSouth Korea, iJapan, kunye namanye amazwe afanelekileyo (imibutho) kunye nemimandla iye yawisa umthetho wokuthintela okanye ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kweeplastiki ezisetyenziselwa enye kuquka i-polystyrene foam. , kunye noBantu banyanzelise "imephu yendlela yokulungisa".
Ugwebu oluqinileyo lwePolyurethane (PU Foam)
I-PU Foam yipolymer yemolekyuli ephezulu eyenziwe nge-isocyanate kunye ne-polyether njengezona zixhobo ziphambili zekrwada, phantsi kwesenzo sezongezo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezifana ne-ejenti yogwebu, i-catalysts, i-flame retardants, njl. ukutshiza ngoxinzelelo.Inayo yomibini ukugquma kwe-thermal kunye nemisebenzi yokungangeni manzi, kwaye ineyona ndlela iphantsi yokuhanjiswa kwe-thermal phakathi kwazo zonke izinto eziphilayo zokufakelwa kwe-thermal okwangoku.
Nangona kunjalo, ubunzima bePU akwanelanga.Ulwakhiwo lwe-PU incubators ezithengiswayo luninzi: igobolondo lezinto zokutya ze-PE, kunye nomgangatho ophakathi wokuzalisa i-polyurethane (PU) foam.Esi sakhiwo siyintlanganisela akulula ukusiphinda sisetyenziswe.
Ngapha koko, i-PU ihlala isetyenziswa kwizikhenkcisi kunye neefriji njengezihluzi zokugquma.Ngokwezibalo, ngaphezu kwe-95% yeefriji okanye izixhobo zokukhenkceza ehlabathini zisebenzisa i-polyurethane eqinile i-foam njengento yokugquma.Kwixesha elizayo, kunye nokwandiswa kweshishini le-cold chain, ukuphuhliswa kwe-polyurethane ye-thermal insulation materials kuya kuba neeprayorithi ezimbini, enye kukulawula ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, kwaye enye kukuphucula iipropati ze-flame retardant.Ngokuphathelele kulo mba, abaninzi abavelisi bezinto zokugquma i-polyurethane kunye nababoneleli bobunjineli bekhonkco elibandayo baphuhlisa izisombululo ezintsha:
Ukongeza, izixhobo ezitsha zogwebu ezifana ne-polyisocyanurate foam material, i-PIR, i-phenolic foam material (PF), ibhodi yesamente enogwebu kunye nebhodi yeglasi enogwebu nazo zakha ugcino olunobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kunye nokugcina amandla okubanda kunye nezixhobo ezibandayo.isetyenziswe kwisixokelelwano.
Ugwebu lwePolypropylene (EPP)
I-EPP yimathiriyeli ye-polymer ecwebe kakhulu esebenza ngokugqwesileyo, kwaye ikwalelona hlobo likhula ngokukhawuleza olutsha lwemathiriyeli yokugquma ibuffer ehambelana nokusingqongileyo.Ukusebenzisa i-PP njengeyona nto iphambili ekrwada, amaso anogwebu enziwa bubuchwephesha bogwebu bomzimba.Imveliso ayinayo inetyhefu kwaye ayinambitheki, kwaye ukufudumeza akuyi kuvelisa naziphi na izinto ezinobuthi, kwaye kunokuqhagamshelana ngokuthe ngqo nokutya.Ukufakwa kakuhle kwe-thermal, i-thermal conductivity imalunga ne-0.039W / m·k, amandla ayo omatshini nawo angcono kakhulu kune-EPS kunye ne-PU, kwaye akukho luthuli kwi-friction okanye impembelelo;kwaye inobushushu obulungileyo kunye nokuzinza kokumelana nokubanda, kwaye ingasetyenziswa kwimekobume ye -30°C ukuya kwi-110°C.sebenzisa ngezantsi.Ukongeza, kwi-EPS kunye ne-PU, ubunzima bayo bulula, obunokunciphisa kakhulu ubunzima bento, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa iindleko zokuthutha.
Ngapha koko, ekuthuthweni kwekhonkco elibandayo, iibhokisi zokupakisha ze-EPP zisetyenziswa kakhulu njengeebhokisi zentengiso, ekulula ukuzicoca kunye nokuqina, kwaye zinokusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukunciphisa iindleko zokusetyenziswa.Emva kokuba ingasasetyenziswa, kulula ukuyibuyisela kwaye isetyenziswe kwakhona, kwaye ayiyi kubangela ungcoliseko olumhlophe.Okwangoku, uninzi lwamashishini okuhambisa ukutya okutsha, kubandakanya i-Ele.me, iMeituan, kunye neHema Xiansheng, ngokusisiseko bakhetha ukusebenzisa ii-incubators ze-EPP.
Kwixesha elizayo, njengoko ilizwe kunye noluntu bebaluleka kakhulu ekukhuselweni kwendalo, indlela eluhlaza yokupakishwa kwekhonkco elibandayo iya kukhawuleziswa ngakumbi.Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili, enye yazo kukurisayikilishwa kokupakishwa.Ukusuka kulo mbono, ikusasa le-polypropylene foaming liya kukhawuleziswa.Izinto eziphathekayo zilindeleke ukuba zithathe indawo yezinto ezininzi ze-foam ze-polyurethane kunye ne-polystyrene, kwaye zinekamva eliqaqambileyo.
Imathiriyeli yogwebu enokubola
Ukwandiswa kokusetyenziswa kwemathiriyeli engonakaliyo ekupakishweni kolungiselelo lwetsheyini elibandayo ikwalelinye isalathiso esibalulekileyo sokwenziwa luhlaza kokupakishwa kolungiselelo lwetsheyini ebandayo.Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zezinto eziphilayo eziye zaphuhliswa: i-polylactic acid PLA series (kubandakanywa i-PLA, i-PGA, i-PLAGA, njl.), i-polybutylene succinate PBS series (kubandakanywa i-PBS, i-PBAT, i-PBSA, i-PBST, i-PBIAT njl.) , polyhydroxyalkanoate PHA series (kubandakanywa PHA, PHB, PHBV).Nangona kunjalo, amandla okunyibilika kwezi mathiriyeli adla ngokuhlwempuzeka kwaye akanakuveliswa kwizixhobo zemveli eziqhubekayo zokugwebu amagwebu, kwaye umlinganiselo wogwebu akufanele ube phezulu kakhulu, kungenjalo iimpawu ezibonakalayo zeemveliso ezinogwebu zihlupheke kakhulu ukuba zingasetyenziswa.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iindlela ezininzi zokugalela amagwebu ziye zavela kwishishini.Ngokomzekelo, i-Synbra e-Netherlands iphuhlise i-polylactic acid yokuqala emhlabeni, i-BioFoam, isebenzisa i-patented in-mold foaming technology, kwaye iphumelele imveliso eninzi;ekhokelayo ngaphakathi Isixhobo umenzi USEON uye waphuhlisa ngempumelelo iteknoloji yemveliso yesakhiwo multi-layer PLA ibhodi amagwebu.Ukutshintsha kwamkela umaleko weziko le-foam, elinokusebenza okungcono kokufakwa kwe-thermal, kunye nomzimba oqinileyo ongaphezulu kumacala omabini unokuphucula kakhulu amandla oomatshini.
i-fiber foam
Imathiriyeli yamagwebu eFayibha ikwayinto eluhlaza okonakaliswayo yokupakisha kwizinto zothutho lwekhonkco elibandayo.Nangona kunjalo, ngokubonakala, i-incubator eyenziwe nge-fiber foam material ayinakuthelekiswa neplastiki, kwaye ubuninzi bobuninzi buphezulu, okuya kwandisa iindleko zokuthutha.Kwixesha elizayo, kulungele ngakumbi ukuphuhlisa i-franchisees kwisixeko ngasinye ngendlela ye-franchises, usebenzisa izibonelelo ze-straw zendawo ukukhonza imarike yendawo ngexabiso eliphantsi.
Ngokwedatha edizwe yiKomidi yeCold Chain ye-China Federation of Things kunye neProspective Industry Research Institute, imfuno iyonke ye-cold chain logistics kwilizwe lam ngo-2019 yafikelela kwi-261 yezigidi zeetoni, apho imfuno ye-cold chain logistics ifikeleleke. 235 yezigidi zeetoni.Ishishini lisawugcina umkhwa wokukhula ngesantya esiphezulu kwisiqingatha sonyaka.Oku kuzise ithuba lemarike lakanye ebomini kushishino lwemathiriyeli enogwebu.Kwixesha elizayo, amashishini anogwebu anxulumene nolungiselelo lwamatsheyini abandayo kufuneka abambe umkhwa jikelele wohlaza, ukonga amandla kunye noshishino olukhuselekileyo ukuze athabathe amathuba emarike kwaye afumane izibonelelo ezihambelanayo kwimarike ehlala itshintsha.Isicwangciso esiqhubekayo sokukhuphisana senza ukuba ishishini libe kwindawo engenakunqotshwa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-22-2022