1. Intshayelelo
Iimveliso zePolyurethane ezithambileyo zamagwebu ikakhulu zibandakanya ibhloko, i-sponji eqhubekayo, i-foam ephezulu yokuqina (HR), igwebu lesikhumba esizenzelayo, igwebu elicothayo lokuqina, igwebu le-microcellular kunye ne-semi-rigid ene-foam efunxa amandla.Olu hlobo logwebu lusathatha malunga ne-50% yemveliso ye-polyurethane iyonke.Uluhlu olukhulu olunesicelo esandisiweyo, luye lwabandakanyeka kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zoqoqosho lwelizwe: izixhobo zasekhaya, iimoto, ukuphuculwa kwekhaya, ifenitshala, oololiwe, iinqanawa, i-aerospace kunye nezinye iindawo ezininzi.Ukusukela ekufikeni kwe-PU igwebu elithambileyo ngeminyaka yee-1950, ngakumbi emva kokungena kwinkulungwane yama-21, kuye kwakho umtsi kwitekhnoloji, ukwahluka kunye nemveliso.Amagqabantshintshi ngala: Ugwebu oluthambileyo lwePU oluhambelana nokusingqongileyo, oko kukuthi imveliso yepolyurethane eluhlaza;ixabiso eliphantsi le-VOC i-PU igwebu elithambileyo;i-atomization ephantsi ye-PU i-foam ethambileyo;amanzi agcweleyo i-PU igwebu elithambileyo;Uthotho olupheleleyo lwe-MDI ugwebu oluthambileyo;i-flame retardant, umsi ophantsi, i-MDI epheleleyo yochungechunge lwe-Foam;iintlobo ezintsha zezongezo ezifana ne-reactive high-molecular weight catalysts, i-stabilizers, i-flame retardants kunye ne-antioxidants;iipolyols ezine-unsaturation ephantsi kunye nomxholo ophantsi we-monoalcohol;I-Ultra-low density PU igwebu elithambileyo elineempawu ezibalaseleyo zomzimba;i-resonance frequency ephantsi, ukuhanjiswa okuphantsi kwe-PU igwebu elithambileyo;i-polycarbonate diol, i-polyε-caprolactone polyol, i-polybutadiene diol, i-polytetrahydrofuran kunye nezinye ii-polyols ezikhethekileyo;itekhnoloji yolwelo lwe-CO2 yogwebu, itekhnoloji yoxinzelelo olugwebu olubi, njl.njl.Ngamafutshane, ukuvela kweentlobo ezintsha kunye nobuchwepheshe obutsha bukhuthaze uphuhliso oluqhubekayo lwe-PU soft foam.
2 Umgaqo onamagwebu
Ukuze kuhlanganiswe i-PU i-foam ethambileyo efanelekileyo ehlangabezana neemfuno, kuyafuneka ukuba uqonde umgaqo wokusabela kweekhemikhali wenkqubo ye-foam ukuze ukhethe eyona nto iphambili kunye neyokuncedisa imathiriyeli ekrwada kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa.Ukuphuhliswa kweshishini le-polyurethane kuze kube namhlanje akusekho kwinqanaba lokuxelisa, kodwa ngokweemfuno zokusebenza kwemveliso yokugqibela, inokufezekiswa ngokubunjwa kwezinto eziluhlaza kunye nobuchule bokwenziwa.I-Polyurethane foam ithatha inxaxheba kutshintsho lweekhemikhali ngexesha lenkqubo yokudibanisa, kwaye izinto ezichaphazela iimpawu zesakhiwo se-foam ziyinkimbinkimbi, ezingabandakanyi nje ukusabela kweekhemikhali phakathi kwe-isocyanate, i-polyether (i-ester) yotywala kunye namanzi, kodwa ibandakanya i-chemistry ye-colloid yogwebu. .Iimpendulo zeekhemikhali zibandakanya ukwandiswa kwekhonkco, ukugwebu kunye nokudibanisa.Kwakhona kuchaphazela isakhiwo, ukusebenza kunye nobunzima bemolekyuli yezinto ezithatha inxaxheba ekuphenduleni.Ukusabela ngokubanzi kwe-synthesis ye-polyurethane foam kunokubonakaliswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
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Nangona kunjalo, eyona meko inzima ngakumbi, kwaye iimpendulo ezibalulekileyo zishwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
01 Ukwandiswa kwekhonkco
I-isocyanates esebenzayo kunye ne-polyether (i-ester) yotywala, ngokukodwa i-difunctional compounds, ukongezwa kwekhonkco kwenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
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Kwinkqubo yogwebu, isixa se-isocyanate sikhulu kuneso sekhompawundi esebenzayo ye-hydrogen, oko kukuthi, isalathiso sokuphendula sikhulu kuno-1, ngokuqhelekileyo ngu-1.05, ngoko ke isiphelo se-chain-extended imveliso yokugqibela kwinkqubo yogwebu. kufuneka ibe liqela le-isocyanate
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Ulwandiso lwe-chain reaction reaction luphambili lwe-PU foam, kwaye sisitshixo kwiipropathi zomzimba: amandla omatshini, izinga lokukhula, ukuqina, njl.
02 Ukusabela kogwebu
Ugwebu lubaluleke kakhulu ekulungiseleleni amagwebu athambileyo, ngakumbi xa kusenziwa iimveliso ezinoxinano oluphantsi.Kukho iziphumo ezimbini zogwebu jikelele: ukusetyenziswa ubushushu reaction ukuba umphunga esezantsi-abilayo iikhompawundi hydrocarbon, ezifana HCFC-141b, HFC-134a, HFC-365mfc, cyclopentane, njl, ukufezekisa iinjongo amagwebu, kwaye enye kukusebenzisa. amanzi kunye ne-isocyanate.Ukusabela kweekhemikhali kuvelisa isixa esikhulu segesi yeCO2 enogwebu:
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Ukungabikho kwe-catalyst, izinga lokuphendula kwamanzi kunye ne-isocyanates licotha.Izinga lokusabela kwee-amine kunye ne-isocyanates likhawuleza kakhulu.Ngenxa yesi sizathu, xa amanzi esetyenziswa njenge-ejenti enegwebu, izisa inani elikhulu lamacandelo aqinileyo kunye ne-urea compounds kunye ne-polarity ephezulu, echaphazela ukuvakalelwa, ukuqina kunye nokumelana nokushisa kweemveliso ze-foam.Ukuvelisa i-foam eneempawu ezibalaseleyo zomzimba kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi, kuyimfuneko ukwandisa ubunzima be-molecular ye-polyether (ester) yotywala kunye nokuthamba kwekhonkco eliphambili.
03 Isenzo seGel
Ukusabela kwejeli kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-cross-linking kunye nokunyanga ukusabela.Kwinkqubo yogwebu, i-gelation ibaluleke kakhulu.Kwangethuba kakhulu okanye kade kakhulu i-gelation iya kubangela ukuba umgangatho weemveliso zogwebu wehle okanye ube yinkunkuma.Eyona nto ifanelekileyo kukuba ukwandiswa kwekhonkco, ukusabela okugwebu kunye nejeli yokusabela kufikelela kwi-equilibrium, ngaphandle koko ubuninzi be-foam buya kuba phezulu kakhulu okanye i-foam iya kudilika.
Kukho iintshukumo ezintathu zegelling ngexesha lenkqubo yogwebu:
1) Iigels ze-multifunctional compounds
Ngokubanzi, iikhompawundi ezinemisebenzi engaphezulu kwezintathu zinokusabela ukwenza iikhompawundi zesakhiwo somzimba.Sisebenzisa i-polyether polyols kunye nokusebenza okungaphezulu kwesithathu kwimveliso ye-polyurethane flexible foams.Kungekudala, i-polyisocyanates ene-fn ≥ 2.5 iphinda isetyenziswe ekuphuhliseni zonke iinkqubo ze-MDI ukuphucula umthamo womthwalo we-foams ephantsi.Ezi zisisiseko sokusekwa kwezigaba ezithathu eziqhagamshelweyo:
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Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba ubunzima be-molecular phakathi kweendawo ezinqamlezayo zibonakalisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuxinana kwe-foam.Oko kukuthi, ubuninzi be-crosslinking bukhulu, ubunzima bemveliso buphezulu, kwaye amandla omatshini alungile, kodwa ukuthamba kwe-foam akubi, kwaye ukuqina kunye nobude buphantsi.Ubunzima be-molecular (Mc) phakathi kwamanqaku okudibanisa i-foam ethambileyo yi-2000-2500, kwaye i-foam e-semi-rigid iphakathi kwe-700-2500.
2) Ukuqulunqwa kwe-urea
Xa amanzi esetyenziswa njenge-ejenti yogwebu, iikhompawundi ezihambelana ne-urea bond ziyenziwa.Amanzi amaninzi, amabhondi amaninzi e-urea.Baya kusabela ngakumbi nge-isocyanate engaphezulu kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu ukwenza i-biuret bond compounds kunye nesakhiwo sesigaba esithathu:
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3) Ukwenziwa kwe-allophanate Olunye uhlobo lwempendulo yokudibanisa umnqamlezo kukuba i-hydrogen kwikhonkco eliphambili le-urethane iphinda iphendule ngokugqithisileyo kwe-isocyanate kubushushu obuphezulu ukwenza ibhondi ye-allophanate enezigaba ezintathu:
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Ukuqulunqwa kweekhompawundi ze-biuret kunye ne-allophanate compounds ayifanelekanga kwiinkqubo zokukhupha amagwebu kuba ezi zimbini zinozinzo olubi lwe-thermal kwaye zibola kumaqondo aphezulu.Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu balawule ubushushu kunye nesalathisi se-isocyanate kwimveliso
3 Ubalo lwemichiza
I-polyurethane synthetic imathiriyeli yimathiriyeli eyenziwe yepolymer enokuthi idibanise iimveliso zepolymer ukusuka kwimathiriyeli ekrwada kwinyathelo elinye, oko kukuthi, iipropathi ezibonakalayo zeemveliso zinokuhlengahlengiswa ngokuthe ngqo ngokwenziwa ngokutshintsha ukucaciswa kunye nokubunjwa kwemilinganiselo yemathiriyeli ekrwada.Ngoko ke, indlela yokusebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo umgaqo we-polymer synthesis kunye nokuseka i-formula elula yokubala kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphucula umgangatho weemveliso ze-polyurethane.
01 Ixabiso elilinganayo
Into ebizwa ngokuba yi-equivalent value (E) ibhekisa kubunzima bemolekyuli (Mn) ehambelana nokusebenza kweyunithi (f) kwimolekyuli ekhompawundi;
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Umzekelo, inani eliphakathi kobunzima bemolekyuli ye-polyether triol yi-3000, ngoko ixabiso layo elilinganayo:
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I-agent ye-cross-linking agent ye-MOCA esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-4,4'-methylene bis (2 chloroamine), inomlinganiselo we-molecular mass ye-267. Nangona kukho i-4 i-hydrogens esebenzayo kwi-molecule, i-2 kuphela i-hydrogens ithatha inxaxheba kwi-isocyanate reaction.athom, ngoko ukusebenza kwayo f=2
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Kwinkcazo yemveliso ye-polyether okanye i-polyester polyol, inkampani nganye ibonelela kuphela ngexabiso le-hydroxyl (OH) idatha, ngoko kuyasebenziseka ngakumbi ukubala ngokuthe ngqo ixabiso elilinganayo kunye nexabiso le-hydroxyl:
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Kuyafaneleka ukukhumbuza ukuba umlinganiselo wokwenene womsebenzi wemveliso udla ixesha elininzi, kwaye zininzi iimpendulo ezisecaleni.Amaxesha amaninzi, ukusebenza kwe-triol polyether (ester) ayilingani no-3, kodwa iphakathi kwe-2.7 kunye ne-2.8.Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukusebenzisa (2) ifomula, oko kukuthi, ixabiso le-hydroxyl libalwe ngokunjalo!
02 Imfuneko ye-isocyanate
Zonke iikhompawundi ze-hydrogen ezisebenzayo zinokusabela nge-isocyanate.Ngokomgaqo wokusabela okulinganayo, yinto eqhelekileyo kwi-PU synthesis ukubala ngokuchanekileyo inani le-isocyanate elisetyenziswe licandelo ngalinye kwifomula:
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Kwifomula: Ws-ixabiso le-isocyanate
I-Wp-i-polyether okanye i-polyester dosage
I-Ep-i-polyether okanye i-polyester elinganayo
Es-Isocyanate elingana
Umlinganiselo we-molar we-I2-NCO / -OH, oko kukuthi, isalathisi sokuphendula
ρS-ukucoceka kwe-isocyanate
Njengoko sonke siyazi, xa udibanisa i-prepolymer okanye i-semi-prepolymer enexabiso elithile le-NCO, inani le-isocyanate elifunekayo lihambelana nenani langempela le-polyether kunye nomxholo we-NCO ofunwa yi-prepolymer yokugqibela.Emva kokushwankathela:
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Kwifomula: D--inxalenye enkulu yeqela le-NCO kwi-prepolymer
42—— Ixabiso elilinganayo le-NCO
Kwinkqubo yanamhlanje ye-MDI amagwebu, ubunzima bemolekyuli ephezulu ye-polyether-modified MDI isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukwenza iisemi-prepolymers, kwaye i-NCO% yayo iphakathi kwe-25 kunye ne-29%, ngoko ke ifomula (4) iluncedo kakhulu.
Ifomula yokubala ubunzima bemolekyuli phakathi kwamanqaku adibanisa ukudibanisa okuhambelana nokuxinana kwe-cross-link nayo iyacetyiswa, eluncedo kakhulu ekuqulunqeni iifomyula.Ingaba i-elastomer okanye i-foam ephezulu yokuqina, ukuqina kwayo kuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo nobuninzi be-agent edibanisayo:
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Kwifomula: Mnc——inombolo-i-avareji yobunzima bemolekyuli phakathi kweengongoma ezidibanisayo
Umz——Ixabiso elilinganayo le-arhente edibanisayo
Wg——Isixa se-arhente edibanisayo
I-WV - isixa se-prepolymer
D——I-NCO umxholo
4 imathiriyeli ekrwada
Izinto eziluhlaza ze-polyurethane zohlulwe zibe ngamacandelo amathathu: iikhompawundi ze-polyol, iikhompawundi ze-polyisocyanate kunye nezongezo.Phakathi kwazo, i-polyols kunye ne-polyisocyanates yizona zixhobo eziphambili ze-polyurethane, kunye nee-agent ezincedisayo ziyi-compounds ezongezelela iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zeemveliso ze-polyurethane.
Zonke iikhompawundi ezinamaqela e-hydroxyl kulwakhiwo lweekhompawundi ze-organic ze-organic polyol compounds.Phakathi kwazo, ezona zixhaphakileyo zimbini iifoam zepolyurethane ziipolyether polyols kunye nepolyester polyols.
polyol compound
Polyether polyol
Yikhompawundi ye-oligomeric ene-avareji ye-molecular weight ye-1000 ~ 7000, esekelwe kwi-raw materials ye-petrochemical industry: i-propylene oxide kunye ne-ethylene oxide, kunye neekhompawundi ezimbini nezintathu ezisebenzayo ze-hydrogen-containing zisetyenziswa njengabaqalisi, kwaye zixutywe kwaye yenziwe ipholima yi-KOH..
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubunzima bemolekyuli ye-polyether ye-polyether ethambileyo eqhelekileyo ikuluhlu lwe-1500 ~ 3000, kwaye ixabiso le-hydroxyl liphakathi kwe-56 ~ 110mgKOH / g.Ubunzima bemolekyuli bokuqina okuphezulu kwepolyether polyol buphakathi kwe-4500 kunye ne-8000, kwaye ixabiso le-hydroxyl liphakathi kwe-21 kunye ne-36 mgKOH / g.
Kufanelekile ukukhankanya ukuba iintlobo ezininzi zepolyether polyols ezisanda kuphuhliswa kwiminyaka yakutshanje ziluncedo kakhulu ekuphuculeni iimpawu ze-polyurethane flexible foam kunye nokunciphisa ukuxinana.
l I-polymer-grafted polyether polyol (POP), enokuphucula umthamo womthwalo we-PU othambileyo we-foam, ukunciphisa ukuxinana, ukwandisa idigri yokuvula, kunye nokuthintela ukuncipha.Idosi nayo iyanda imihla ngemihla.
l I-Polyurea polyether polyol (PHD): Umsebenzi we-polyether ufana ne-polymer polyether polyol, enokuphucula ubunzima, ukuthwala umthamo, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuvulwa kweemveliso ze-foam.Ukumelana nedangatye kwanda, kwaye i-MDI series foam iyazicima kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi eYurophu.l I-polymer ye-polymer polyether polyol ene-nitrogen equlethe i-nitrogen enevumba elimnandi le-polymer efakwe kwi-polyether polyol, engenakuphucula kuphela ukuthwala umthwalo, i-cell evulekileyo, ukuqina kunye nezinye iimpawu zeemveliso zogwebu, kodwa yenza imiqamelo yesitulo se-PU idityaniswe. ukusuka kuyo.Inokutshatyalaliswa komlilo ophezulu: isalathisi se-oksijeni siphezulu njenge-28% okanye ngaphezulu, ukukhutshwa komsi ophantsi ≤60%, kunye nesantya esisezantsi sokusasazeka komlilo.Yimathiriyeli egqwesileyo kwiimoto, oololiwe kunye nefenitshala ukwenza iikhushini zokuhlala
l I-polyether ye-polyether ye-unsaturation ephantsi: Ekubeni isebenzisa i-double cyanide metal complex (DMC) njenge-catalyst, umxholo we-unsaturated bond bonds kwi-polyether synthesized ingaphantsi kwe-0.010mol / mg, oko kukuthi, iqulethe i-monool I-compound ephantsi, oko kukuthi, ubunyulu obuphezulu, bukhokelela ekuqiniseni ngcono kunye nokunyanzeliswa kweepropathi ze-HR ezixutywe ngokusekwe kuyo, kunye namandla amahle okukrazula kunye ne-indentation factor.Isantya esisezantsi se-resonance frequency, i-6Hz isantya esisezantsi sokuhanjiswa kwesihlalo se-car cushion foam ilungile kakhulu.
l I-Hydrogenated polybutadiene glycol, le polyol isandul 'ukusetyenziswa kwiimveliso zogwebu ze-PU phesheya ukuphucula kakhulu iimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-foam, ngokukodwa ukuxhathisa imozulu, ukufuma kunye nokunyanzeliswa kobushushu kunye nezinye iingxaki zeminyaka emininzi, ukuze umqamelo wesihlalo semoto. njl.njl. zisetyenziswa kwimimandla etshisayo yaseAfrika
I-polyether polyols enomxholo ophezulu we-ethylene oxide, ngokuqhelekileyo i-polyether polyols ephezulu, ukwenzela ukuba kuphuculwe i-reactivity ye-polyethers, yongeza i-15 ~ 20% ye-EO ukuya ekupheleni ngexesha lokudibanisa.Iipolyethers ezingentla zinomxholo we-EO ukuya kwi-80%, umxholo we-PO Ngokuphambene noko, ungaphantsi kwe-40%.Sisitshixo kuphuhliso lwalo lonke uthotho lwe-MDI PU amagwebu athambileyo, ekufuneka anikwe ingqwalasela ngabantu abakushishino.
l Iipolyether polyols ezinomsebenzi we-catalytic: ikakhulu ukwazisa amaqela e-amine aphakamileyo aneempawu ze-catalytic okanye i-ion zetsimbi kwisakhiwo se-polyether.Injongo kukunciphisa inani le-catalyst kwinkqubo yogwebu, ukunciphisa ixabiso le-VOC kunye ne-atom ephantsi yeemveliso zogwebu.
l I-Amino-ipheliswe i-polyether ye-polyether: Le polyether inomsebenzi omkhulu we-catalytic, ixesha elifutshane lokuphendula, ukuchithwa ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokuphucula kakhulu amandla emveliso (ingakumbi amandla okuqala), ukukhululwa komngundo, ukuxhathisa ubushushu, kunye nokumelana ne-solvent., ubushushu bokwakha buyancipha, ububanzi buyanda, kwaye luhlobo olutsha oluthembisayo.
ipolyester polyol
Iipolyester zakwangoko zonke zibhekisa kwi-adipic acid-based polyester polyols, kwaye eyona marike inkulu yi-microcellular foam, esetyenziswa kwizihlangu zezihlangu.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iintlobo ezintsha ziye zavela enye emva kwenye, zandisa ukusetyenziswa kweepolyester polyols kwi-PUF.
l I-aromatic dicarboxylic acid-modified adipic acid-based polyester polyol: ikakhulu i-polyester polyol ngokutshintsha ngokuyinxenye i-adipic acid kunye ne-phthalic acid okanye i-terephthalic acid, enokuphucula amandla okuqala emveliso kunye nokuphucula ukuxhathisa ukufuma kunye nobunzima, ngelixa unciphisa iindleko. .
I-Polycarbonate polyol: Olu hlobo lwemveliso lunokuphucula kakhulu ukuxhathisa i-hydrolysis, ukumelana nemozulu, ukuxhathisa ubushushu kunye nobulukhuni beemveliso zogwebu, kwaye luhlobo oluthembisayo.
I-Poly ε-caprolactone polyol: I-PU foam eyenziwe kuyo inokumelana nobushushu obugqwesileyo, ukuxhathisa kwe-hydrolysis kunye nokumelana ne-abrasion, kwaye ezinye iimveliso ezisebenza kakhulu kufuneka zenziwe ngayo.
l I-polyester enevumba elimnandi: Iphuhliswe ngokusetyenziswa okubanzi kweemveliso zepolyester kwinqanaba lokuqala, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-PU eqinile yogwebu.Ngoku yongezwe kwi-PU soft foam, ekwafanele ukuhoywa
Abanye Nayiphi na ikhompawundi enehydrogen esebenzayo ingafakwa kwiPUF.Ngokotshintsho lweemarike kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, kunyanzelekile ukuba kusetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo iimveliso zasemaphandleni kunye nokudibanisa i-PU ethambileyo ye-PU ethambileyo.
l Iipolyols ezisekelwe kwioli yeCastor: Ezi mveliso zisetyenziswe kwi-PUF ngaphambili, kwaye uninzi lwazo zenziwa kwi-oyile ye-castor ecocekileyo engaguqukiyo ukwenza amagwebu angama-semi-rigid.Ndicebisa ukusebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-transesterification, kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zotywala ezinobunzima bemolekyuli zingeniswa kwioyile ye-castor ukudibanisa iinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo.
I-derivatives, inokwenziwa kwii-PUF ezahlukeneyo ezithambileyo nezilukhuni.
l I-polyols ye-oyile yemifuno: Isandul 'ukuchatshazelwa ngamaxabiso eoli, iimveliso ezinjalo ziye zaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza.Okwangoku, uninzi lweemveliso eziye zaphuhliswa yioyile yesoya kunye neemveliso zeoyile yesundu, kunye neoyile yekotoni okanye ioyile yezilwanyana ingasetyenziselwa ukuphuhlisa uthotho lweemveliso, ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo, zinciphise iindleko, kwaye zinokonakala kwaye zinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. .
i-polyisocyanate
Iintlobo ezimbini ze-isocyanates, i-TDI kunye ne-MDI, zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwimveliso ye-polyurethane foam eguquguqukayo, kunye ne-TDI / MDI hybrids efunyenweyo nayo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-HR series.Ngenxa yeemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, ishishini leemoto lineemfuno eziphantsi kakhulu zexabiso le-VOC leemveliso zogwebu.Ke ngoko, i-MDI esulungekileyo, i-MDI ekrwada kunye neemveliso ezilungisiweyo ze-MDI zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwi-PU igwebu elithambileyo njengeemveliso eziphambili zePU ezithambileyo.
polyol compound
I-MDI enyibilikisiweyo
I-4,4'-MDI ecocekileyo iqinile kwiqondo lokushisa.I-MDI ebizwa ngokuba yi-liquefied MDI ibhekisa kwi-MDI eguqulwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwaye ilulwelo kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi.Ukusebenza kwe-MDI eyenziwe ulwelo kunokusetyenziselwa ukuqonda ukuba yeyiphi i-MDI eguqulwe liqela.
l i-MDI ye-urethane-modified kunye nokusebenza kwe-2.0;
l Carbodiimide-modified MDI kunye nokusebenza kwe-2.0;
l I-MDI iguqulwe nge-diazetacyclobutanone imine, ukusebenza ngu-2.2;
l I-MDI ilungiswe nge-urethane kunye ne-diazetidinimine ngokusebenza kwe-2.1.
Uninzi lwezi mveliso zisetyenziswa kwiimveliso ezibunjiweyo ezifana ne-HR, i-RIM, amagwebu okuzikhupha, kunye ne-micro-foams ezifana neebhola zezihlangu.
I-MDI-50
Ingumxube we-4,4'-MDI kunye ne-2,4'-MDI.Ekubeni indawo yokuncibilika kwe-2,4'-MDI iphantsi kweqondo lokushisa, malunga ne-15 ° C, i-MDI-50 iyilwelo olugcinwe kwiqondo lokushisa kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa.Nikelani ingqalelo kwimpembelelo yokuthintela i-steric ye-2,4'-MDI, engaphantsi kwe-reactive kunomzimba we-4,4 kwaye unokulungiswa yi-catalyst.
I-MDI emdaka okanye i-PAPI
Ukusebenza kwayo kuphakathi kwe-2.5 kunye ne-2.8, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumagwebu aqinileyo.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yeemeko zexabiso, sele isetyenzisiwe kwimarike ye-foam ethambileyo, kodwa kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu, kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa inani le-cross-linking kuyilo lwefomula.I-arhente edibeneyo, okanye ukwandisa i-plasticizer yangaphakathi.
Umncedi
i-catalyst
I-catalyst inempembelelo enkulu kwi-polyurethane foam, kwaye kunye nayo, ukuveliswa ngokukhawuleza kwiqondo lokushisa kwegumbi kunokufezekiswa.Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili ze-catalysts: i-amines ephezulu kunye ne-metal catalysts, njenge-triethylenediamine, i-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, i-methylimidazole, i-A-1, njl. , i-potassium octoate, i-organic bismuth, njl.Okwangoku, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokulibaziseka, uhlobo lwe-trimerization, uhlobo oluntsokothileyo kunye nohlobo oluphantsi lwe-VOC lwexabiso lwe-catalysts luye lwaphuhliswa, olukwasekelwe kwezi ntlobo zingasentla ze-catalysts.
Ngokomzekelo, uchungechunge lwe-Dabco yenkampani yeemveliso zegesi, izinto ezisisiseko ekrwada yi-triethylenediamine:
l Dabco33LV iqulethe 33% triethylenediamine/67% dipropylene glycol
l Dabco R8020 Triethylenediamine iqulathe 20%/DMEA80%
l Dabco S25 triethylenediamine iqulathe 25%/butanediol 75%
l Dabco8154 triethylenediamine / acid ilibazisekile catalyst
l Dabco EG Triethylenediamine iqulathe 33%/ Ethylene Glycol 67%
l Dabco TMR series trimerization
l Dabco 8264 Compound Bubbles, Catalysts elungeleleneyo
l Dabco XDM low ivumba catalyst
Ngaphantsi kwemeko ye-catalysts ezininzi, kufuneka siqale siqonde iimpawu ze-catalysts ezahlukahlukeneyo kunye nemigaqo yazo yokusebenza ukuze sifumane ibhalansi yenkqubo ye-polyurethane, oko kukuthi, ibhalansi phakathi kwesantya se-foaming kunye nesantya se-gelation;ibhalansi phakathi kwesantya se-gelation kunye nesantya sogwebu, kunye nesantya sogwebu kunye nebhalansi yezinto eziphathekayo, njl.
Iicatalysts zesinyithi zizo zonke iintlobo zejeli.Ii-catalysts eziqhelekileyo zohlobo lwe-tin zinefuthe eliqinileyo lejeli, kodwa ukungona kwabo kukuba abaxhathisi kwi-hydrolysis kwaye banokunganyangeki kokuguga kwe-thermal.Ukuvela kwamva nje kwee-organic bismuth catalysts kufuneka kutsale umdla.Ayinamsebenzi we-tin catalyst kuphela, kodwa inokumelana ne-hydrolysis elungileyo kunye nokumelana nokuguga kobushushu, okulungele kakhulu ukudibanisa izinto.
i-foam stabilizer
Idlala indima ye-emulsifying i-foam material, ukuzinzisa i-foam kunye nokulungelelanisa iseli, kwaye yandisa ukunyibilika okuhlangeneyo kwecandelo ngalinye, eluncedo ekubunjweni kwamaqamza, ilawula ubungakanani kunye nokufana kweseli, kwaye ikhuthaza ukulingana ukuxinana kwamagwebu.Iindonga zi-elastic ukugcina iiseli kunye nokuthintela ukuwa.Nangona isixa se-foam stabilizer sincinci, sinempembelelo enkulu kulwakhiwo lweeseli, iipropathi zomzimba kunye nenkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-PU flexible foam.
Okwangoku, i-hydrolysis-resistant silicone / polyoxyalkylene ether block oligomers isetyenziswa eChina.Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-foam, umlinganiselo wecandelo le-hydrophobic / i-hydrophilic segment iyahluka, kwaye ukutshintshwa kwekhonkco lekhonkco ekupheleni kwesakhiwo sebhloko kuyahluka., ukuvelisa i-silicon stabilizers kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zogwebu.Ngoko ke, xa ukhetha i-foam stabilizer, kufuneka uqonde umsebenzi kunye nomsebenzi wayo, ungayilibali, ungayisebenzisi ngokungakhethiyo, kwaye ubangele imiphumo emibi.Ngokomzekelo, ioli ye-silicone enogwebu ethambileyo ayinakugalelwa kugwebu olomeleleyo, kungenjalo iya kubangela ukushwabana kogwebu, yaye ioli yesilicone ekwaziyo ukomelela ayinakugalelwa ukuvala ugwebu oluthambileyo, kungenjalo iya kubangela ukudilika kogwebu.
Ngenxa yeemfuno zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, amashishini eemoto kunye nefenitshala afuna iimveliso ezine-atomization ephantsi kunye nexabiso eliphantsi le-VOC.Iinkampani ezahlukeneyo ziye zaphuhlisa ngokulandelelana i-atomization ephantsi kunye nexabiso eliphantsi le-VOC lokuzinzisa amagwebu, njenge-Dabco DC6070 eqaliswe yiNkampani yeeMveliso zeGesi, eyi-oyile ephantsi ye-atomization ye-silicone yenkqubo ye-TDI.;I-Dabco DC2525 yioli ye-silicone enenkungu ephantsi kwiinkqubo ze-MDI.
iarhente yogwebu
I-arhente ekhupha ugwebu lwe-PU ethambileyo yogwebu ubukhulu becala ngamanzi, incediswa zezinye ii-arhente zogwebu ngokwasemzimbeni.Kwimveliso ye-foam yebhloko, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubuninzi bamanzi kwiimveliso ezinoxinano oluphantsi, amaxesha amaninzi adlula iinxalenye ze-4.5 kwiindawo eziyi-100 ziya kubangela ukuba ubushushu bangaphakathi bogwebu bunyuke, budlule kwi-170 ~ 180 ° C, okukhokelela ekutshiseni ngokuzenzekelayo. igwebu, kunye ne-agent ebilayo ephantsi ye-hydrocarbon yogwebu kufuneka isetyenziswe.Enye inceda ekunciphiseni ukuxinana, kwaye enye isusa inani elikhulu lobushushu bokusabela.Kwiintsuku zokuqala, ukudibanisa kwamanzi / F11 kwasetyenziswa.Ngenxa yemicimbi yokukhuselwa kwendalo, iF11 yavalwa.Okwangoku, uninzi lweemveliso zenguqu zamanzi / ze-dichloromethane kunye namanzi / uchungechunge lweHCFC-141b lusetyenziswa.Ngenxa yokuba iimveliso ze-dichloromethane series nazo zingcolisa umoya, yindalo yenguqu, ngelixa iimveliso ze-HFC series: HFC-245fa, -356mfc, njl. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokunciphisa iqondo lobushushu, abantu baye bazisa iinkqubo ezintsha, itekhnoloji yoxinzelelo olubi lokupholisa amagwebu, iteknoloji yokupholisa ngenkani kunye nolwelo lwe-CO2 ubugcisa bokusombulula ingxaki, injongo kukunciphisa ubungakanani bamanzi okanye ukunciphisa ubushushu bangaphakathi. ye foam.
Ndiyincoma iteknoloji ye-CO2 ye-liquid yokuvelisa i-bubbles block, efanelekileyo kakhulu kumashishini amancinci naphakathi.Kwi-teknoloji ye-LCO2, iinxalenye ze-4 ze-LCO2 zilingana neengxenye ze-13 ze-MC.Ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye ne-CO2 yolwelo esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa amagwebu oxinaniso olwahlukeneyo Ubuninzi be-Foam, i-kg/m3 yamanzi, iinxalenye ngobunzima be-LCO2, iinxalenye ngobunzima obulingana ne-MC, iinxalenye ngobunzima.
13.34.86.520.0
15.24.55.015.3
16.04.54.012.3
17.33.94.313.1
27.72.52.06.2
ukunqanda amadangatye
Ukuthintela amadangatye kunye nokuthintela umlilo yinkxalabo yabantu ngalo lonke ixesha.ilizwe lam elisanda kukhutshwa "IiMfuno kunye neMigangatho yokuSebenza kokuTyelwa kweeMveliso eziBonisiweyo zeFlame kunye neMicimbi kwiiNdawo zoLuntu" i-GB20286-2006 ineemfuno ezintsha zokunqanda ilangatye.Ukufumana i-flame retardant grade 1 iimfuno zePlastiki: a), izinga lokukhululwa kobushushu obuphezulu ≤ 250KW/m2;b), umyinge wokutshisa ixesha ≤ 30s, ukuphakama okutshisa okuphakathi ≤ 250mm;c), ibakala lokuxinana komsi (SDR) ≤ 75;d), ibakala letyhefu yomsi Akukho ngaphantsi kwenqanaba le-2A2
Oko kukuthi: izinto ezintathu kufuneka ziqwalaselwe: i-flame retardant, umsi ophantsi, kunye netyhefu ephantsi yomsi.Ukuze ubeke phambili iimfuno eziphezulu zokukhethwa kwe-flame retardants, ngokwemigangatho engentla, ndikholelwa ukuba kungcono ukhethe iintlobo ezinokuthi zenze i-carbon layer kwaye zikhuphe umsi ongenabutyhefu okanye ophantsi.Okwangoku, kulungele ngakumbi ukusebenzisa i-phosphate ester-based high molecular weight retardants, okanye i-halogen-free hydrocarbons enevumba elimnandi kunye neentlobo ze-heterocyclic ezinobushushu obuphezulu, njl. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, amazwe angaphandle aphuhlise i-graphite flame retardant PU flexible foam, okanye initrogen heterocyclic flame retardant Ichiza ichanekile.
enye
Ezinye izongezo zibandakanya ikakhulu: ii-pore openers, i-agent edibanisa umnqamlezo, i-antioxidants, i-anti-fogging agents, njl. Xa ukhetha, impembelelo yezongezo ekusebenzeni kweemveliso ze-PU kufuneka ziqwalaselwe, kunye nobutyhefu bayo, ukufuduka, ukuhambelana, njl. Umbuzo.
Iimveliso ezi-5
Ukuze uqonde ngakumbi ubudlelwane phakathi kwefomula kunye nokusebenza kwe-PU ethambileyo yogwebu, imizekelo emininzi yabameli iyaziswa ukuze ibhekiselele:
1. Ifomula eqhelekileyo kunye neepropati ze-block polyether PU i-foam ethambileyo
I-Polyether triol 100pbw TDI80/20 46.0pbw I-Organotin catalyst 0.4pbw I-Tertiary amine catalyst 0.2pbw I-Silicon foam stabilizer 1.0pbw Amanzi 3.6pbw I-agent ye-foaming 0 ~ 12pbm 2. Amandla e-Foam 2. Ipropathi ye-2. 3 Ubude, % 220 Amandla okukrazula, N/m 385 Uxinzelelo iseti, 50% 6 90% 6 Cavitation umthwalo, kg (38cm×35.6cm×10cm) Deformation 25% 13.6 65% 25.6 Ukuwa ibhola rebound, % 38 Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuze ukuhlangabezana Iimfuno zemarike, amanye amashishini ahlala evelisa ukuxinana okuphantsi (10kg/m3) ugwebu.Xa uvelisa i-foam eguquguqukayo ye-ultra-low-low-density, ayikokwandisa nje i-ejenti ekhupha amagwebu kunye ne-agent encedisayo.Into enokwenziwa kufuneka idityaniswe ne-silicon enozinzo oluphezulu lwe-surfactant kunye ne-catalyst.
Ukuveliswa kwefomula yereferensi yoxinaniso olusezantsi-olusezantsi-oluthambileyo olubhetyebhetye: igama eliphakathi koxinano oluphantsi kakhulu
Ibhokisi eqhubekayo ibhokisi ibhokisi polyether polyol 100100100100100 Amanzi 3.03.04.55.56.6 A-33 catalyst 0.20.20.20.250.18 Silicon surfactant B-81101.01.9305.01.930. 60.40 Ummeli 7.57.512.515.034.0 TDI80/2041.444.056.073 .0103.0 Ubuninzi, kg/m3 23.023.016.514.08.0
Ifomula ye-foam ye-cylindrical: EO / PO uhlobo lwe-polyether polyol (OH: 56) 100pbw Amanzi 6.43pbw MC i-agent ekhupha amagwebu 52.5pbw I-Silicon surfactant L-628 6.50pbw I-Catalyst A230 0.44pbw 8 I-Stalnous 8 i-Stalnous 20 i-Stalnous 20 i-Stalnous 20 i-Stalnous 20 i-Stalnous. I-sage 139pbw Uxinzelelo lwegwebu, kg/m3 7.5
2. Ulwelo CO2 co-agent agent ukwenza amagwebu aphantsi
Polyether triol (Mn3000) 100 100 Amanzi 4.9 5.2 Ulwelo CO2 2.5 3.3 I-Silicone surfactant L631 1.5 1.75 B8404 Amine catalyst A133 0.28 0.30 Stannous14 octome 14Flant 14Fdant 14 DI0FDA 0.30 Stannous 14 y octome 14 4 80/20 Ubuninzi begwebu , kg/m3 16 16
Ifomula eqhelekileyo yile ilandelayo: I-Polyether triol (Mn3000) 100pbw Amanzi 4.0pbw LCO2 4.0 ~ 5.5pbw Catalyst A33 0.25pbw I-Silicon surfactant SC155 1.35pbw Stannous octoate D0p01b0 mDI isalathisi D0p3 / 2 Fonsi 1 mDI 0. 14.0 ~ 16.5
3. I-MDI epheleleyo yoxinaniso oluphantsi lwe-polyurethane igwebu elithambileyo
Ugwebu olubunjiweyo oluthambileyo lwePU lusetyenziswa kakhulu ekuveliseni imiqamelo yesitulo semoto.Ukunciphisa ukuxinana ngaphandle kokuchaphazela iimpawu zomzimba yinjongo yophuhliso
Ifomula: Umsebenzi ophezulu we-polyether (OH: 26 ~ 30mgKOH / g) 80pbw i-Polymer polymer (OH: 23 ~ 27mgKOH / g) 20pbw i-Crosslinking agent 0 ~ 3pbw Amanzi 4.0pbw I-Amine catalyst A-33 2.8pbw ioli ye-silicone I-oyile ye-1 I-oyile ye-1 ye-1 umsebenzi we-1. pbw MDI index 90pbw Ukusebenza: Ukuxinana kweziko le-Foam 34.5kg/m3 Ukuqina kwe-ILD25% 15.0kg/314cm2 Amandla okukrazula 0.8kg/cm Amandla okuqina 1.34kg/cm2 Elongation 120% Rebound rate 62% Permanent compression set.0 13.5%
4. Uxinaniso oluphantsi, umqamelo wesihlalo sesithuthi esigcweleyo se-MDI
I-homologue ye-MDI ecocekileyo: i-M50-oko kukuthi, imveliso ye-4,4'MDI 50% 2,4'MDI 50%, inokuthi ifakwe amagwebu kwiqondo lokushisa, ukuphucula ulwelo, ukunciphisa ubuninzi bemveliso, kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima besithuthi, ethembisa kakhulu.Imveliso:
Ukuqulunqwa: I-polyether ye-polyether ephezulu esebenzayo (OH: 28mgKOH / g) 95pbw 310 Isincedisi * 5pbw Dabco 33LV 0.3pbw Dabco 8154 0.7pbw I-Silicon surfactant B4113 0.6pbw.1 3pbw 5pwb0 Mwb0 Isalathisi se-Silicon 8
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo: Ixesha lokuzoba (s) 62 Ixesha lokunyuka (s) 98 Ukuxinana kwamagwebu asimahla, kg/m3 32.7 Ukuphambuka komthwalo woxinzelelo, kpa: 40% 1.5 Elongation, % 180 Amandla okukrazula, N/m 220
Qaphela: *310 Umncedi: Ndiyayithengisa, yitsheyini ekhethekileyo yokwandisa.
5. Ukomelela okuphezulu, ukukhwela i-PU foam ekhululekile
Kutshanje, imakethi ifune ukuba iipropathi zendalo ze-cushions zesihlalo sogwebu zihlale zingatshintshi, kodwa abantu abazukudinwa kunye nokugula okushukumayo okukumgangatho ophakamileyo wokuhlala emva kokuqhuba ixesha elide.Emva kophando, amalungu angaphakathi omzimba womntu, ngakumbi isisu, ane-frequency ye-6Hz.Ukuba i-resonance iyenzeka, iya kubangela isicaphucaphu kunye nokuhlanza
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuhanjiswa kwe-vibration ye-foam ephezulu yokuqina kwi-6Hz yi-1.1 ~ 1.3, oko kukuthi, xa isithuthi sihamba, asibi buthathaka kodwa sinyuka, kwaye ezinye iimveliso zefomula zinokunciphisa ukungcangcazela ukuya kwi-0.8 ~ 0.9.Ukwenziwa kwemveliso kuyacetyiswa ngoku, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwayo kwe-6Hz kukungcangcazela kwinqanaba le-0.5 ~ 0.55.
Ukuqulunqwa: Umsebenzi ophezulu we-polyether polyol (Mn6000) 100pbw I-Silicon surfactant SRX-274C 1.0pbw I-Tertiary amine catalyst, i-Minico L-1020 0.4pbw I-Tertiary amine catalyst, i-Minico TMDA 0.15 TMDA 0.15ply6wp9p% %) ISIKHOKELO 100
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo: Uxinaniso lulonke, kg/m3 48.0 25% ILD, kg/314cm2 19.9 Ukudityaniswa kwakhona, % 74 50% uxinzelelo
Amandla okuShrinkage, (Okomileyo) 1.9 (Emanzi) 2.5 6Hz Ukuhanjiswa kweVibration 0.55
6. I-rebound epholileyo okanye i-viscoelastic foam
I-foam ebizwa ngokuba yi-PU-rebound-rebound ibhekisela kwi-foam engabuyiswanga kwimo yayo yangaphambili ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba i-foam ikhubazeke ngamandla angaphandle, kodwa ibuyiselwa ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokuguqulwa kwe-residual surface.Ine-cushioning egqwesileyo, ukugquma isandi, ukutywina kunye nezinye iimpawu.Ingasetyenziselwa ukulawula ingxolo yeenjini zemoto, ukuxhasa ikhaphethi, iithoyi zabantwana kunye nemiqamelo yezonyango.
Umzekelo ifomula: Umsebenzi ophezulu wepolyether (OH34) 40 ~ 60pbw Polymer polyether (OH28) 60 ~ 40 pbw Cross-adhesive ZY-108 * 80 ~ 100 pbw L-580 1.5 pbw Catalyst 1.8 ~ 2.5 pbw 2 Watercy2 p.6 index * 1.05 pbw Qaphela: * ZY-108, ikhompawundi multifunctional ephantsi ubunzima molekyuli polyether ** PM-200, umxube MDI-100 ulwelo, zombini Wanhua iimveliso Properties: Foam density, kg/ m3 150 ~ 165 Ubunzima, Shore A 18~15 Amandla eenyembezi, kN/m 0.87~0.76 Elongation, % 90~130 Rebound rate, % 9~7 Ixesha lokubuyisela, imizuzwana 7~10
7. Polyether uhlobo self-ulusu microcellular foam ukumelana flex ukudinwa amaxesha million
I-foam ingasetyenziswa kwii-PU soles kunye namavili okuqhuba
Umfanekiso: DaltocelF-435 31.64 pbw Arcol34-28 10.0 pbw DaltocelF-481 44.72 pbw Arcol2580 3.0 pbw 乙二醇6.0 pbw 催1Dab1p80wb3 027 0.3 pbw 硅表面活性剂DC-193 0.3 pbw L1 412T 1.5 pbw Amanzi 0.44 pbw Modified MDI Suprasec2433 71 pbw
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo: Ukuxinana kogwebu: malunga ne-0.5g∕cm3 β-belt ukuphambuka, KCS 35～50, kuhle kakhulu
8. I-flame retardant, umsi ophantsi, i-foam ephezulu yokuqina
Ngokukhula okukhawulezayo koqoqosho lwesizwe, amasebe ahlukeneyo aneemfuno eziphezulu neziphezulu zokungakhathali kwemveliso yogwebu, ngakumbi ezomoya, iimoto, iimoto zabakhweli ezinesantya esiphezulu, kunye neesofa zasekhaya, njl.
Ngenxa yale meko ingentla, umbhali kunye noogxa baye baphuhlisa ibakala lomlilo (isalathisi se-oksijeni 28 ~ 30%), esinobunzima bomsi ophantsi kakhulu (ixabiso lamazwe ngamazwe li-74, kwaye le mveliso imalunga ne-50 kuphela), kwaye i-foam rebound ihlala ingatshintshi.Ivelisa umsi omhlophe
Umzekelo ifomula: YB-3081 idangatye retardant polyether 50 pbw High umsebenzi polyether (OH34) 50 pbw Silicone surfactant B 8681 0.8 ~ 1.0 pbw Amanzi 2.4 ~ 2.6 pbw DEOA 1.5~3 pbw Catalyst 1.5 ~ 3 pbw Catalyst 1.5 0 isososo 1, etc.
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo: Ubuninzi be-Foam, i-kg/m3 ≥50 Amandla oxinzelelo, i-kPa 5.5 amandla e-Tensile, i-kPa 124 i-Rebound rate, % ≥60 ukuguqulwa koxinzelelo, i-75% ≤8 isalathisi se-oksijeni, i-OI% ≥ 28 Ubuninzi bomsi ≤50
9. Amanzi yi-agent ekhupha ugwebu, yonke i-foam ye-self-skin ehambelana nokusingqongileyo
I-HCFC-141b iarhente yogwebu iye yavalwa ngokupheleleyo kumazwe angaphandle.I-arhente yogwebu ye-CP inokutsha.I-HFC-245fa kunye ne-HFC-365mfc arhente yogwebu zibiza kakhulu kwaye azamkelekanga.Ugwebu lwesikhumba.Ngaphambili, abasebenzi be-PU ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe banikele ingqalelo kuphela ekuguqulweni kwe-polyether kunye ne-isocyanate, ngoko ke umaleko womphezulu wogwebu wawungacacanga kwaye ukuxinana kwakuphezulu.
Iseti yeefomula ziyacetyiswa ngoku, eziphawulwa ngoku:
l Isiseko se-polyether polyol ihlala ingatshintshi, kwaye i-Mn5000 eqhelekileyo okanye i-6000 isetyenziswa.·
I-isocyanate ihlala ingatshintshi, i-C-MDI, i-PAPI okanye i-MDI elungisiweyo ingasetyenziswa.
l Sebenzisa isongezelelo esikhethekileyo SH-140 ukusombulula ingxaki.·
Ifomula esisiseko:
l Umsebenzi ophezulu we-polyether triol Mn5000 65pbw
l SH-140* 35pbw
l Chain extender: 1,4-butanediol 5pbw
l I-agent yokudibanisa: i-glycerol 1.7pbw
l I-arhente yokuvula: K-6530 0.2 ~ 0.5pbw
l I-Catalyst A-2 1.2 ~ 1.3pbw
l Umbala uncamathisele isixa esifanelekileyo l Amanzi 0.5pbw
l MR-200 45pbw
Qaphela: *SH-140 yimveliso yethu
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo: ukuxinana okupheleleyo kogwebu yi-340 ~ 350kg/m3
Iimveliso: umgangatho ogudileyo, uqweqwe olucacileyo, ubuninzi obuphantsi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-12-2022